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Teach for America teachers moving into policy positions

Earlier this week, Louisiana’s Board of Elementary and Secondary Education selected John White as the state’s new superintendent of education, the equivalent of the state education commissioner.

If you recognize his name, you will know that the job he’s leaving is as head of New Orleans’ Recovery School District, a post-Katrina effort to rebuild that city’s decimated, historically Dickensian public school system. 

Nominally, the Recovery School District is Louisiana’s fifth-largest school system, comprised of 79 schools in five parishes (read: counties) that fell under state oversight after failing to meet the state’s minimum performance score for four consecutive years.

It is perhaps better contemplated as an insanely controversial, wildly audacious experiment in education reform. With things quite literally torn down to the studs and nowhere to go but up, all manner of reforms have been piloted in New Orleans since the hurricane.

Scores of schools were pushed -- or “incentivized” -- to become charters. Data has been used aggressively and individual student performance can be correlated to the preparation programs where their teachers trained. There have been high highs, low lows and zero shortage of controversy -- none of which this post will attempt to address.

White’s appointment is an excuse to take note of a trend. He is an alumnus of Teach for America, the equally audacious program that recruits the tippy-top of the nation’s elite college grads (in 2010, 46,366 candidates applied and 5,827 were admitted), gives them crash courses in gap-closing instructional practices and places them in struggling schools. And he is hardly the only one to rise to a position of influence over the last year or so. 

Before I name some of the others, I think we should review Learning Curve’s by now standard Kramer Disclaimer: Teach for America President Matt Kramer is the son of MinnPost editor and founder Joel Kramer. I know this not because either of them has ever discussed it with me, but because Matt Kramer’s is a pretty hard name not to know if you report about education.

I have not discussed this post with either of them. I assume Joel Kramer will see it at the same time as the rest of you, and if he has constructive criticism to offer it will likely involve my poor math skills.

And my regard for Kramers notwithstanding, I was a dedicated TFA skeptic until last winter, when I had the chance to spend some time in classrooms in a destitute part of Chicago where TFA alums were succeeding in sending every pupil to college. Watching them teach is revelatory.

And so we return now to the point, which is that there is something far more subversive afoot than even TFA’s harshest critics suspect. They aim to change more than one game.

White’s pedigree is illustrious indeed. Before taking the New Orleans post he served on the senior leadership team of the country’s largest school district, New York City. Before that, he was executive director of TFA in Chicago. His accomplishments are legion. 

Growing number
He joins a growing number of TFA alums who have made their way from the classroom to positions of influence. Last March, Tennessee Gov. Bill Haslam appointed TFA Executive Vice President for Public Affairs Kevin Huffman, who started with the organization as a bilingual elementary-grades teacher, that state’s commissioner of education.

Teach For America

TFA alum Kaya Henderson is chancellor of Washington, D.C., schools, alum Kira Orange Jones was just elected to the board that appointed White and ex-TFAers have assumed superintendencies in New York City, Massachusetts, Arizona and elsewhere.

Still others, like Chris Barbic, superintendent of Tennessee’s statewide Achievement School District, are heading ambitious school turnaround efforts. Some 600 are principals.

Yes, corps members, as TFA calls them, are weaving their way into the very fabric of the nation’s education establishment. You might even call it a conspiracy.

You’d be right. One of the criticisms that has been leveled at TFA in recent years is that only a third of its elite recruits stay in teaching when their Peace Corps-style tours are over. This is true, and whether it’s a demerit or not it obscures a more interesting fact, which is that another third go on to work in other capacities in education.

According to Daniel Sellers, who runs TFA-Twin Cities, this is by design. “The program has two aims and that is the second,” he said in an interview yesterday. “The first is to put talented people into classrooms where they can improve the lives of kids.”

At the very least, when those that leave teaching do, they will go on to advocate for education as they become kingmakers in other arenas. At best, corps members will become effective teachers during their stints and will be energized by watching the conventional wisdom that some kids are going to get lost fly out the window.

“You don’t learn the right lessons unless you are a demonstrably effective teacher,” explained Sellers. “You find out that the problem is totally fixable, that these kids are brilliant.”

Ideally, if TFAers go on to public policy roles, they take this no-excuses ethos with them.

Right before the holidays TFA-Twin Cities held a workshop about opportunities in educational leadership for current corps members and alums, a group that has some 300 members. Sellers expected 10 or 15 to attend; more than 40 showed.

“You can say, ‘All of these people are TFA,’ or you can say, ‘These are really smart people who are interested in education,’” he said. If they hadn’t been recruited by TFA, “Some of them might have become leaders in public affairs in some other capacity.”  

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Comments (15)

Very interesting. I'll have to learn more about this group.

Simply stellar education journalism.

It would have been instructive if the TFA teaching model had been compared and contrasted with the antiquated model currently in use.

Dennis;

I'm not prepared to agree with you about traditional teaching methods, but I can help on doing a better job portraying non-traditional teachers in action. Here's a link to the story I wrote about the odds-beating school in Chicago where I first saw some TFA alums in action: http://www.minnpost.com/learningcurve/2011/01/20/25049/distinctive_disci...

I can certainly understand your initial concern over TFA, Beth.

Key players making statements like "You don’t learn the right lessons unless you are a demonstrably effective teacher" is bound to make any apologist for the government school teachers union weak in the knees.

Worse, if they're not careful, unionists might find their "one for all, all for the lowerst common denominator" message completely undermined by the presence of these highly motivated high achievers within the rank and file.

One gets tired of watching Mr. Swift display, again, his ignorance of education. Odd for someone who works so hard on his vocabulary. Nonetheless, I’ll once again point out that they’re not “government” schools. They’re Mr. Swift’s schools. And mine. And Ms. Hawkins’. When Mr. Swift can name a teacher – anywhere in the country – who seriously believes “one for all, all for the lowerst [sic] common denominator,” I’ll buy him lunch. I rest secure in the knowledge that I’ll never have to pay up.

And since I’ll never have to buy that lunch, I can move on to say that TFA represents an interesting trend. I remain somewhat skeptical, but what Beth is reporting is encouraging to some degree. Offhand, I’d like to know why – if these people are, in fact, as energetic and successful in the classroom as seems to be the case at least some of the time – a third of them are leaving the classroom, where their skills have brought success, for administration, where their contact with children will be minimal, and usually substantially constrained.

I was a very good teacher, but I was never interested in administration precisely because what I enjoyed about teaching was working with kids and my subject matter. Moving to administration would not only have dramatically reduced the amount of time I had to interact with those kids, it also would dramatically alter the *kinds* of interactions I had with those kids.

People who move to administration, writing, advocacy, and other education-related fields are, in my experience, people who do not want to teach. They want more money, more influence, more prestige, more control over their working lives and conditions, more… something else besides the decidedly non-material satisfaction that comes with a job of teaching well done. For me, at least, that’s a negative factor, though yes, it may well be a good thing to see some newer, younger voices becoming part of the educational establishment. That “good thing” label is tempered by the knowledge that two years is not a career, and that they’ve left the more important job just about at the time when they began to know what they were doing.

Moreover, by “moving on,” even if – perhaps *especially* if – they’ve been doing a superb job in the classroom, they’re depriving faculty room colleagues and their own school administrators of an example with real credibility.

What I’m looking forward to are studies done with those TFA members who stayed in the classroom for a decade or more. Were they able to maintain their energy, enthusiasm, innovative curiosity, and most important, their effectiveness? If so, then by all means, this might well be a model that schools of education ought to jump on and ride hard. At the same time, what about the third of the group that left teaching, but stayed in education? Similar questions about energy and innovation ought to be asked, and results arrived at. And, lest it be assumed otherwise, I want to know why the other third of the group left education altogether.

It’s an interesting trend, but I want more information before I jump on that bandwagon.

This seems like a very good example of where structuring an approach differently produces superior results to throwing more money into the existing system. Thank goodness there are people who are willing to challenge traditional approaches.

So glad that TFA personnel are succeeding in the Charter school setting where parents choose to send their kids and disruptive kids can be expelled. Tell us some stories about TFA performance in regular public schools where teachers get classes filled with kids who have had no exposure to learning or school readiness except TV, whose parents use the schools for child care and don't support the educational programs and where one disruptive child (emotional, behavioral or other), who cannot be expelled, can disrupt the entire class. Then tell me again how wonderful TFA teachers are and how much progress they have made in their classrooms. Private schools have proven for years that discipline, parental involvement and support, and the ability to choose your students makes for successful education. Now tell me how it works in the inner city public schools.

Half the licensed teachers leave the field within their first five years of teaching. Just a third of TFA is progress.

"I’d like to know why – if these people are, in fact, as energetic and successful in the classroom as seems to be the case at least some of the time – a third of them are leaving the classroom"

Going out on a limb here...*maybe* they don't like the idea of having their compensation set by a system that completely (and quite deliberately) ignores the fact that they *are* energetic and successful, while sub-standard colleagues are rewarded for how long they have warmed a chair.

That is to say, they wish to pursue a professional career over a slot in a blue collar, trade labor union's membership roster.

Thanks for the spel-chek servises.

A large part of that is the lousy job market. The take-home point is that without reforms that make teaching a more attractive profession, we're not going to see continued interest in the field from highly educated individuals.

What if the TFA teachers are successful *because* it's a limited time committment? Teaching at a high level is an intense activity and few rise to the level of "Master Teachers." Few can sustain the effort over a career. Perhaps a model that works more like the military, with time-limited terms of service should be considered.

Richard, I don't know what reforms you are suggesting but attracting teachers into the profession is becoming difficult due to the high cost of undergraduate education vs. the stagnating rate of compensation. Starting salaries for teachers don't allow for having children, pursuing home ownership and paying off high student debt all at the same time. Certainly, the conservative effort to heap the problems of education on teachers, cut their compensation and benefits while demonizing the one organization that offers them some career and personal protection doesn't help either. Paying some teachers more and the rest less will prove to be a horrendous way to foster teamwork as well. The current political climate around education created by anti-union, privatizing advocates coupled with defunding is successfully discouraging bright young minds to abandon their desire to teach in public schools where an entire spectrum of challenges exist every day.

William, Most teachers are decent, reasonable people, who try to do their best and aren't any more lazy or stupid than the rest of us. Collectively, however, they stand in the way of reform because of the inexorable logic of the closed shop union. They must join the union to get a job. The union is run by those who have been there the longest without advancing, who of course highly value seniority, conservatism in all matters, and lack of pressure to perform as they get close to their pension. Teachers need to act like professionals, but they're stuck in unions that force them to act collectively like assembly line workers. Teachers do need unions, as they are facing a monopoly employer (the state), and often get caught between parents and the school system in battles over individual children, battles which people rightly take very seriously. But the teachers' unions should be more like professional associations than industrial unions. Allowing teachers to join whichever union or association they wanted, including none at all, would be a big step forward towards reform. When teachers become valued professionals rather than unionized laborers, teaching will once again attract bright and motivated graduates.

Student success is most highly corellated not with good teachers or good schools, but with good parents. Parents of any income level who drill into their kids' heads the importance of education, who stress written rather than visual media, and who support the actions of their childrens' teachers and schools produce consistently successful students.The generation that survived the Depression and WW2 was able to provide a better life for their children, with lots of food and free time and fun, and few of the deprivations and horrors that had gone before. This indulgent behaviour was reinforced and amplified in the generations that followed. We're now way too easy on our kids for their own good. Schools will never really succeed until parents force their kids to take education seriously, and allow hard work and discipline to be the watchwords at their children's schools. Teachers need to ask more of students, and adults need to stand resolutely in the face of their beloved yet lazy children, and force them to deliver. In the end, that will be the real reform.

Dennis (#3), it has been compared and Teach for American teachers actually have worse results than teachers in the "antiquated model." To be fair, when TFA teachers are compared to new traditional teachers, the results are about the same. The performance difference comes from the fact that teachers get better with experience, and TFA teachers aren't around long enough to gain that experience and improvement. That is why TFA puff pieces like this one focus on anectdotal evidence, rather than the whole picture.

http://newsone.com/the-education-zone/associatedpress3/as-teach-for-amer...
so-do-questions/

As far as TFA people getting into a leadership positions, that has less to do with merit, than the fact that the ideology TFA is selling is what Republicans who control states like Tennessee and Louisiana want to hear.